A multivariate data set is charted. This example shows how multiple variables can be encoded into a single chart. The data set is from: Afifi, A.A. and S.P. Azen (1979), Statistical Analysis: A Computer Oriented Approach , Second Edition, Academic Press, New York.
Each observation in the data set is represented by a marker. The encoding of the variables into the chart is described in the following table:
| Representation | Variable |
| x -coordinate | Age (years) |
| y -coordinate | Height (cm) |
| z -coordinate | Initial Body Surface Area (m^2) |
| Marker Type | Survival? |
| Marker Size | Initial Mean Circulation Time (sec) |
| Color | Initial Cardiac Index (liters/min-m^2) |
| Min Pulse Size | Initial Hemoglobin (gm/100 ml) |
| Max Pulse Size | Final Hemoglobin (gm/100 ml) |
| Rotation Direction | Sex (Gender) |
import com.imsl.chart.Colormap;
import com.imsl.chart3d.*;
import com.imsl.io.*;
import com.imsl.stat.Summary;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.io.*;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import javax.swing.*;
public class DataEx3 extends javax.swing.JFrame {
static private final int nVariables = 34;
static private final int nObs = 113;
static private final Colormap colormap = Colormap.BLUE_GREEN_RED_YELLOW;
// Age (years)
static private final int ivarX = 1;
// Height (cm)
static private final int ivarY = 2;
// Initial Body Surface Area (m^2)
static private final int ivarZ = 11;
// Survival?
static private final int ivarMarkerType = 4;
// Initial Mean Circulation Time (sec)
static private final int ivarMarkerSize = 14;
// Initial Cardiac Index (liters/min-m^2)
static private final int ivarMarkerColor = 12;
// Initial Hemoglobin (gm/100 ml)
static private final int ivarMarkerPulseMin = 18;
// Final Hemoglobin (gm/100 ml)
static private final int ivarMarkerPulseMax = 32;
// Sex (Gender)
static private final int ivarRotationAxis = 3;
private ResultSetMetaData meta;
private JPanel jPanelLegend;
public DataEx3() throws IOException, SQLException {
InputStream is = DataEx3.class.getResourceAsStream("AfifiAzen.csv");
AfifiAzenReader reader = new AfifiAzenReader(is);
double data[][] = reader.readData();
is.close();
Chart3D chart = new Chart3D();
AxisXYZ axis = new AxisXYZ(chart);
axis.setAxisTitlePosition(AxisXYZ.AXIS_TITLE_PARALLEL);
meta = reader.getMetaData();
axis.getAxisX().getAxisTitle().setTitle(meta.getColumnName(ivarX + 1));
axis.getAxisY().getAxisTitle().setTitle(meta.getColumnName(ivarY + 1));
axis.getAxisZ().getAxisTitle().setTitle(meta.getColumnName(ivarZ + 1));
int markerTypes[]
= {Data.MARKER_TYPE_CUBE, Data.MARKER_TYPE_TETRAHEDRON};
double minMarkerSize = 0.0;
double maxMarkerSize = 0.0;
if (ivarMarkerSize >= 0) {
Summary summary = getSummary(data, ivarMarkerSize);
minMarkerSize = summary.getMinimum();
maxMarkerSize = summary.getMaximum();
}
double minColor = 0.0;
double maxColor = 0.0;
if (ivarMarkerColor >= 0) {
Summary summary = getSummary(data, ivarMarkerColor);
minColor = summary.getMinimum();
maxColor = summary.getMaximum();
}
double maxPulse = 0.0;
if (ivarMarkerColor >= 0) {
maxPulse = getSummary(data, ivarMarkerPulseMax).getMaximum();
}
axis.setDataType(Data.DATA_TYPE_MARKER);
for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
double xp[] = {data[i][ivarX]};
double yp[] = {data[i][ivarY]};
double zp[] = {data[i][ivarZ]};
Data data3D = new Data(axis, xp, yp, zp);
double size = (data[i][ivarMarkerSize] - minMarkerSize)
/ (maxMarkerSize - minMarkerSize);
data3D.setMarkerSize(1.0 + size);
double t = (data[i][ivarMarkerColor] - minColor)
/ (maxColor - minColor);
data3D.setMarkerColor(colormap.color(t));
data3D.setMarkerPulsingMinimumScale(data[i][ivarMarkerPulseMin]
/ maxPulse);
data3D.setMarkerPulsingMaximumScale(data[i][ivarMarkerPulseMax]
/ maxPulse);
data3D.setMarkerPulsingCycle(1.0);
double zaxis = (data[i][ivarRotationAxis] == 1 ? 1.0 : -1.0);
data3D.setMarkerRotatingAxis(0.0, 0.0, zaxis);
data3D.setMarkerRotatingCycle(8.0);
data3D.setMarkerType(data[i][ivarMarkerType]
== 1.0 ? markerTypes[0] : markerTypes[1]);
}
Canvas3DChart canvas = new Canvas3DChart(chart);
canvas.setSize(375, 375);
getContentPane().add(canvas, java.awt.BorderLayout.CENTER);
jPanelLegend = new JPanel(new java.awt.GridBagLayout());
setupLegend();
getContentPane().add(jPanelLegend, java.awt.BorderLayout.WEST);
setDefaultCloseOperation(javax.swing.WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
pack();
ColormapLegend colormapLegend
= new ColormapLegend(chart, colormap, minColor, maxColor);
colormapLegend.setPosition(10, 10);
colormapLegend.setTitle(meta.getColumnName(ivarMarkerColor + 1));
canvas.render();
}
private class AfifiAzenReader extends FlatFile {
AfifiAzenReader(InputStream is) throws IOException {
super(new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is)));
String line = readLine();
line = readLine();
line = readLine();
StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(line, ",");
for (int j = 0; st.hasMoreTokens(); j++) {
setColumnName(j + 1, st.nextToken().trim());
setColumnClass(j, Double.class);
}
}
double[][] readData() throws IOException, java.sql.SQLException {
double data[][] = new double[nObs][nVariables];
for (int i = 0; i < nObs; i++) {
if (!next()) {
throw new IOException("Error in file");
}
for (int j = 0; j < nVariables; j++) {
data[i][j] = getDouble(j + 1);
}
}
return data;
}
}
static Summary getSummary(double data[][], int ivar) {
Summary summary = new Summary();
for (int i = 0; i < nObs; i++) {
summary.update(data[i][ivar]);
}
return summary;
}
private void setupLegend() throws SQLException {
addLegendTitle("Marker Color:");
addLegendValue(ivarMarkerColor, 1.0);
addLegendTitle("Marker Size:");
addLegendValue(ivarMarkerSize, 1.0);
addLegendTitle("Marker Pulse (min/max):");
addLegendValue(ivarMarkerPulseMin, 0.0);
addLegendValue(ivarMarkerPulseMax, 1.0);
addLegendTitle("Rotation Axis:");
addLegendValue(ivarRotationAxis, 1.0);
addLegendTitle("Marker Type:");
addLegendValue(ivarMarkerType, 1.0);
}
private void addLegendTitle(String title) {
JLabel jLabel = new JLabel(title);
java.awt.GridBagConstraints gridBagConstraints
= new java.awt.GridBagConstraints();
gridBagConstraints.gridwidth = java.awt.GridBagConstraints.REMAINDER;
gridBagConstraints.anchor = java.awt.GridBagConstraints.WEST;
jPanelLegend.add(jLabel, gridBagConstraints);
}
private void addLegendValue(int ivar, double weight) throws SQLException {
JLabel jLabel = new JLabel(meta.getColumnName(ivar + 1));
java.awt.GridBagConstraints gridBagConstraints
= new java.awt.GridBagConstraints();
gridBagConstraints.gridwidth = java.awt.GridBagConstraints.REMAINDER;
gridBagConstraints.anchor = java.awt.GridBagConstraints.NORTHWEST;
gridBagConstraints.weighty = weight;
jPanelLegend.add(jLabel, gridBagConstraints);
jLabel.setForeground(Color.BLUE);
}
public static void main(String args[])
throws IOException, java.sql.SQLException {
new DataEx3().setVisible(true);
}
}